Small cell variant of anaplastic large cell lymphoma with leukemic presentation: a diagnostic challenge
نویسندگان
چکیده
naplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large ell lymphomas (ALCLs) are recognized as a distinct cliniopathologic entity in the World Health Organization (WHO) lassification of hematopoietic neoplasms.1 Based on the morhologic features, mainly characterized by anaplastic large ells, and on the expression of the Ki-1 antigen (CD 30), it as first described in 1985.2 From 1990 onwards studies have hown that many ALCLs are associated with the t(2;5)(p23;q35) esponsible for the upregulation of the ALK protein. ALCLs ccount for 2–8% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas in adults and pproximately 10–30% of lymphomas in children; the ALKositive (ALK+) ALCLs largely occur within the first three ecades of life.3 Morphologically, ALK+ ALCLs are composed f a variable amount of so called ‘hallmark cells’ illustrated by arge elements with eccentric, horseshoeor kidney-shaped uclei. These cells can be admixed with smaller lymphocytes, odgkin and Reed-Sternberg-like neoplastic cells as well as ith reactive inflammatory cells, resulting in a broad range f histologic patterns recognized by the WHO as common,
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